base64_image　　為滿足沼氣發(fā)電機(jī)組對(duì)氣質(zhì)的要求，需要對(duì)沼氣進(jìn)行脫水、脫硫、除雜、除塵處理，以降低沼氣對(duì)機(jī)體的腐蝕和磨損，確保發(fā)電機(jī)組穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行，延長(zhǎng)設(shè)備使用壽命。因此，在沼氣進(jìn)入發(fā)電機(jī)組前需配套上一套沼氣預(yù)處理系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)業(yè)主方的要求及提供的沼氣的工藝參數(shù)，脫硫凈化采用濕法脫硫方法，運(yùn)用新開發(fā)的工藝路線及高效脫硫塔傳質(zhì)內(nèi)件，以保證凈化氣能滿足發(fā)電機(jī)組對(duì)氣質(zhì)的要求。多余的沼氣或機(jī)組停機(jī)檢修時(shí)排放的沼氣，送火炬燃燒處理掉，減少對(duì)空氣造成的污染。

　　To meet the requirements of the biogas generator set for gas quality, it is necessary to treat the biogas with dehydration, desulfurization, impurity removal, and dust removal to reduce the corrosion and wear on the engine body, ensure stable operation of the generator set, and prolong the service life of the equipment. Therefore, a biogas pretreatment system needs to be installed before the biogas enters the generator set. According to the requirements of the owner and the provided process parameters of the biogas, wet desulfurization is adopted for desulfurization and purification, utilizing a newly developed process route and high-efficiency mass transfer internals of the desulfurization tower to ensure that the purified gas meets the requirements of the generator set for gas quality. Excess biogas or biogas discharged during machine downtime for maintenance is sent to the flare for combustion treatment to reduce air pollution.

　　沼氣/瓦斯氣預(yù)處理-濕法脫硫

　　技術(shù)方案和工藝描述

　　從厭氧反應(yīng)罐來(lái)的沼氣，進(jìn)入穩(wěn)壓儲(chǔ)氣柜，經(jīng)氣液分離器分離掉氣體中夾帶的少量冷凝水、油污等雜質(zhì)后進(jìn)入羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)升壓，同時(shí)氣體溫度也升高，經(jīng)冷卻塔冷卻降溫后進(jìn)入脫硫塔，利用合理的反應(yīng)條件可有效地將沼氣中的硫化氫脫除，考慮到該項(xiàng)目業(yè)主方提供的原料沼氣中硫含量非常高，本裝置采用三級(jí)脫硫。脫硫后的氣體進(jìn)入洗滌塔洗掉氣體中夾帶的脫硫液霧沫，再經(jīng)除沫器除沫、冷卻、精濾、緩沖后送后工序使用。本系統(tǒng)脫硫塔采用新開發(fā)的高效噴淋傳質(zhì)內(nèi)件，該塔具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，效率高，阻力小，防堵塔，投資小，運(yùn)行費(fèi)用低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，且溶液循環(huán)量比填料塔要少。

　　Biogas/Methane Pre-treatment - Wet Desulfurization Technical Proposal and Process Description The biogas from the anaerobic reaction tank enters the pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank, where a small amount of condensate water, oil contaminants, and other impurities entrained in the gas are separated by a gas-liquid separator. Then, it enters the Roots blower for pressure boosting, during which the gas temperature also rises. After being cooled and temperature reduced by the cooling tower, it enters the desulfurization tower. Under appropriate reaction conditions, hydrogen sulfide in the biogas can be effectively removed. Considering the high sulfur content in the raw biogas provided by the project owner, this device adopts three-stage desulfurization. The desulfurized gas enters the scrubber to wash away the entrained desulfurization liquid mist, and then undergoes demisting, cooling, fine filtration, and buffering before being sent to the subsequent process for use. The desulfurization tower in this system adopts a newly developed high-efficiency spray mass transfer internals. This tower has the advantages of simple structure, high efficiency, low resistance, anti-blocking, low investment, low operating costs, and less solution circulation compared to packed towers.

　　吸收了硫化氫的溶液首先進(jìn)入富液槽，然后用再生泵將富液打至再生槽，在再生過(guò)程中，硫化氫被轉(zhuǎn)變成硫磺泡沫，溶液再生后進(jìn)入貧液槽，并完成相關(guān)溶液的再生，然后由脫硫泵打至脫硫塔，循環(huán)吸收氣體中的硫化氫。沒(méi)有廢液排放，不產(chǎn)生二次污染。

　　The solution that has absorbed hydrogen sulfide first enters the rich solution tank, and then the rich solution is pumped to the regeneration tank by the regeneration pump. During the regeneration process, hydrogen sulfide is converted into sulfur foam. After the solution is regenerated, it enters the lean solution tank and completes the regeneration of related solutions. Then, it is pumped to the desulfurization tower by the desulfurization pump to recycle and absorb hydrogen sulfide from the gas. No waste liquid is discharged, and no secondary pollution is generated.

　　再生過(guò)程中生成的硫泡沫經(jīng)硫泡沫過(guò)濾機(jī)過(guò)濾后，溶液返回系統(tǒng)，硫泡沫進(jìn)入硫磺精制工段，可回收硫磺。

　　The sulfur foam generated during the regeneration process is filtered through a sulfur foam filter, after which the solution is returned to the system and the sulfur foam enters the sulfur refining section, where sulfur can be recovered.

　　本裝置所有液體全部在系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部循環(huán)使用，所有氣體全部送往后工序，產(chǎn)生的固體物為硫磺商品，可直接外售，不會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境造成污染。

　　All liquids in this device are recycled within the system, and all gases are sent to the subsequent process. The solid waste produced is sulfur, which can be sold directly and will not cause environmental pollution.

　　過(guò)程化學(xué)反應(yīng)

　　(1) 碳酸鈉水溶液吸收H2S

　　Na2CO3 + H2S = NaHS +NaHCO3

　　NaHCO3 + H2S = NaHS +H2CO3

　　(2) 析硫，生成多硫化物

　　NaHS +1/2 O2 = NaOH +S↓

　　NaOH + NaHCO3 = Na2CO3 +H2O

　　(3)催化劑再生

　　[還原態(tài)]Re +O2=[氧化態(tài)]OX

　　脫硫溶液控制工藝

　　(1)溶液的組分

　　本方案采用濕式氧化法脫硫工藝，結(jié)合我方在脫硫領(lǐng)域多年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與探索，脫硫過(guò)程選用以純堿為主的復(fù)合型脫硫劑，具有硫容高、脫硫效率高、生產(chǎn)穩(wěn)定等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

　　Process Chemical Reaction

　　(1) Absorption of H2S by aqueous sodium carbonate solution

　　Na2CO3 + H2S = NaHS + NaHCO3

　　NaHCO3 + H2S = NaHS + H2CO3

　　(2) Sulfur precipitation, generating polysulfides

　　NaHS + 1/2 O2 = NaOH + S↓

　　NaOH + NaHCO3 = Na2CO3 + H2O

　　(3) Catalyst regeneration

　　[Reduced state] Re + O2 = [Oxidized state] OX

　　Desulfurization solution control process

　　(1) Components of the solution

　　This scheme adopts a wet oxidation desulfurization process, combining our years of experience and exploration in the field of desulfurization. The desulfurization process selects a composite desulfurizer primarily composed of soda ash, which has the advantages of high sulfur capacity, high desulfurization efficiency, and stable production.

　　(2)再生工藝

　　脫硫溶液的再生有鼓風(fēng)式再生法和自吸空氣噴射再生法，從我方多年的脫硫經(jīng)驗(yàn)分析，并在借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外其他脫硫工藝設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)上，我們選用自吸空氣噴射再生工藝來(lái)完成脫硫液在再生槽內(nèi)的再生過(guò)程。

　　(2) Regeneration Process

　　The regeneration of desulfurization solution includes the blast-type regeneration method and the self-priming air jet regeneration method. Based on our years of desulfurization experience and drawing on the design of other desulfurization processes both domestically and internationally, we have chosen the self-priming air jet regeneration process to complete the regeneration of desulfurization solution in the regeneration tank.

　　富液以一定壓力進(jìn)入噴嘴形成液體高速射流，噴嘴周圍的吸氣室產(chǎn)生負(fù)壓，將空氣吸入噴射器管內(nèi)。空氣里細(xì)微氣泡擴(kuò)散于液相中，氣液得到充分的接觸，形成高速渦流，反應(yīng)極為快速，再生效率在混合管中可達(dá)70%以上。

　　The rich solution enters the nozzle under a certain pressure, forming a high-speed liquid jet. The suction chamber around the nozzle generates negative pressure, drawing air into the injector tube. Fine bubbles in the air diffuse into the liquid phase, allowing sufficient contact between gas and liquid, forming a high-speed vortex. The reaction is extremely rapid, and the regeneration efficiency in the mixing tube can reach over 70%.

　　從對(duì)濕法脫硫整體工藝的研究及前期脫硫工程的分析，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，自吸噴射器是再生槽的一關(guān)鍵附件，如果其設(shè)計(jì)加工和安裝達(dá)不到技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，將會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響再生效率的提高，甚至?xí)霈F(xiàn)抽氣不力和倒流現(xiàn)象。常見再生槽液面不起泡或硫泡沫不起氣泡，浮選溢流差、溶液懸浮硫高，導(dǎo)致再生和脫硫效率低均為噴射器吸氣強(qiáng)度不足引起了。因此，我方特別注重噴射器的設(shè)計(jì)與選型，確保脫硫與再生工藝完善地結(jié)合起來(lái)，達(dá)到高效脫硫的目標(biāo)。

　　Based on the research on the overall process of wet desulfurization and the analysis of early desulfurization projects, we have found that the self-priming injector is a key accessory of the regeneration tank. If its design, processing, and installation fail to meet technical standards, it will seriously affect the improvement of regeneration efficiency, and even lead to insufficient air extraction and backflow. Common issues such as no bubbles on the liquid surface of the regeneration tank or sulfur foam without bubbles, poor flotation overflow, high suspended sulfur in the solution, and low regeneration and desulfurization efficiency are all caused by insufficient suction strength of the injector. Therefore, we pay special attention to the design and selection of the injector to ensure that the desulfurization and regeneration processes are perfectly integrated to achieve the goal of efficient desulfurization.

　　再生槽不僅是自吸空氣促使溶液催化劑氧化再生，兼有對(duì)溶液的氣提釋放CO2及硫泡沫的浮選作用。按照濕式氧化法脫硫總反應(yīng)可核算出再生反應(yīng)過(guò)程中需要吸入的空氣量。所以，再生過(guò)程要確保再生槽達(dá)到一定的吸氣強(qiáng)度，同時(shí)，也體現(xiàn)出了對(duì)噴射器設(shè)計(jì)的重要性。

　　The regeneration tank not only facilitates the oxidation and regeneration of solution catalyst through self-priming air, but also plays a role in stripping the solution to release CO2 and float the sulfur foam. The amount of air required to be inhaled during the regeneration reaction can be calculated based on the overall reaction of wet oxidation desulfurization. Therefore, it is important to ensure that the regeneration tank achieves a certain level of air intake intensity during the regeneration process, which also highlights the significance of the injector design.

　　本方案在參考以上設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上，優(yōu)化工藝設(shè)計(jì)，從可行性與經(jīng)濟(jì)性角度出發(fā)，確保再生與后續(xù)脫硫工藝的正常進(jìn)行。

　　Based on the aforementioned design parameters, this plan optimizes the process design, ensuring the normal operation of the regeneration and subsequent desulfurization processes from the perspectives of feasibility and economy.

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